This research, carried out for the Commission by ScotCen (Scottish Centre for Social Research) and NatCen (National Centre for Social Research), aims to build on existing evidence on public attitudes to explore further the Scottish public’s understanding of the concepts ‘equality’, ‘fairness’ and ‘good relations’ and the key factors that influence public attitudes about these issues. It also considers the implications of people’s understanding and attitudes for achieving change. It is part of a wider study which explored the issues across England, Scotland and Wales.